Lung cancer is a serious condition that affects millions of people worldwide. Early detection and treatment significantly improve the chances of successful outcomes. Unfortunately, Black Americans with lung cancer are 15 percent less likely to be diagnosed early, according to the American Lung Association. Another factor that will help doctors determine the best lung cancer treatment for you is determining which type of lung cancer you have. Because each kind of lung cancer requires a different method of treatment, this information is vital. Let’s take a closer look at the different types of lung cancer.
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Non-small cell lung cancer is the most common type of lung cancer. According to the American Cancer Society (ACS), it accounts for about 80-85 percent of all cases. It grows more slowly compared to small cell lung cancer and is further divided into subtypes:
Adenocarcinoma: This subtype often begins in the outer parts of the lungs and is commonly associated with non-smokers or former smokers. It is also more prevalent in women than men and diagnosed earlier than other forms of lung cancer. Adenocarcinoma often spreads to distant organs but responds well to targeted therapies.
According to the Cleveland Clinic, there are three main treatments for adenocarcinoma:
Squamous Cell Carcinoma: This type usually originates in the central bronchi and is linked to smoking. It can cause symptoms such as coughing and wheezing due to blockage of airways. Early detection is crucial for successful treatment.
Treatment for squamous cell lung carcinoma depends on how advanced your cancer is, your ability to tolerate the side effects, and your overall health, Healthline notes. Your age isn’t usually taken into consideration when doctors are determining the best method of treatment.
Large Cell Carcinoma: Large cell carcinoma is a less common subtype that can appear anywhere in the lungs. It tends to grow and spread quickly, making early diagnosis and treatment essential.
Depending on the stage of your cancer, treatment options for large cell carcinoma include surgery, chemotherapy, radiation therapy, targeted therapy, immunotherapy, or a combination of these. If standard therapy isn’t working, clinical trials may help.
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Small cell lung cancer accounts for about 10-15 percent of lung cancer cases. It’s an aggressive type that often spreads rapidly, typically to distant organs. Due to its aggressive nature, SCLC is usually treated with chemotherapy and sometimes radiation therapy. It is also extremely unlikely for someone who has never smoked to develop SCLC.
The most common treatments for SCLC are:
This is a rare type of lung cancer, making up about one to two percent of cases. Carcinoid tumors often grow slowly and are less likely to spread compared to other types. They develop from neuroendocrine cells and can be classified as typical carcinoids or atypical carcinoids based on their appearance and behavior.
Most patients with resectable lung carcinoid tumors are cured with surgery alone and don’t need other treatments, according to the ACS. For an atypical carcinoid that has spread to lymph nodes, you may need further treatment such as chemotherapy, radiation therapy, or both.
Several rare types of lung cancer are less common and have unique characteristics:
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Lung cancer comes in various forms, each with distinct characteristics and treatment approaches. Understanding these types can help you become more informed about this disease. Remember, if you suspect any symptoms or have concerns, consult a healthcare professional for proper evaluation and guidance. Early detection and proactive care can make a significant difference in the treatment and outcomes of lung cancer.
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