Aspirin has drawn considerable interest for its potential to lower a person’s risk of developing colon cancer and keep it from coming back.
But whether it helps may depend on the disease stage.
“Aspirin is a well-established, inexpensive and widely available drug, and there is considerable interest in whether it can also reduce the risk of cancer recurrence,” said lead author Dr. Sheraz Yaqub of the University of Oslo in Norway. “Our findings demonstrate why such treatments must be tested in rigorous randomized trials before being adopted for new patient populations.”
Scandinavian researchers studied 428 patients who underwent treatment for colon cancer that had spread to the liver.
Participants received either daily aspirin or a placebo for up to three years afterward.
The result: Aspirin did not reduce the risk of the cancer returning or death.
Serious adverse events were also more common, including bleeding, heart attacks, and ulcers.
In contrast, another recent trial found aspirin actually reduced recurrence in certain patients with non-metastatic colon cancer.
“The anticancer effects of aspirin may depend on the biological and clinical context,” said co-principal investigator Dr. Kjetil Taskén, also from the University of Oslo.
RELATED: Is An Aspirin a Day Still a Good Idea?
One caveat: The trial only looked at starting aspirin after treatment for colon cancer that had spread to the liver.
The authors said patients already taking aspirin for another medical reason should consult their doctor before making changes.
The study was recently published in The Lancet Gastroenterology & Hepatology.
Black Americans face higher colorectal cancer incidence and mortality rates than many other racial and ethnic groups. Medical experts point to a combination of factors, including access to screening, healthcare disparities, and social determinants of health.
With cases of early-onset colorectal cancer rising among young adults, earlier detection remains one of the most effective ways to improve outcomes.
Researchers are continuing to figure out which patients benefit most from aspirin after a colorectal cancer diagnosis. Clinical trials help scientists understand how treatments perform across different populations. But the studies don’t always have the most diverse participants.
Black Americans remain heavily underrepresented in clinical trials, which makes it harder for researchers and healthcare providers to understand how new treatments may affect patient populations differently. Greater participation by Black patients can help ensure future recommendations are relevant and equitable.
While aspirin can provide several benefits, it’s not without its risks and can increase bleeding. The drug’s benefits can vary depending on cancer stage, medical history, and other medications.
If you believe you might benefit from aspirin, please talk with your oncology team before making any adjustments to your cancer treatment plan.
RELATED: 15 Questions to Ask About Clinical Trials
This is just one of many studies exploring different treatment approaches for colorectal cancer. Researchers continue to study aspirin, immunotherapy, targeted therapies, and personalized treatment approaches.
Clinical trials may give patients access to emerging treatments while helping contribute to the future of cancer care. If you’re interested in participating in a clinical trial, visit BlackDoctor’s Clinical Trials Resource Center or ClinicalTrials.gov. You can use these platforms to search for open trials that are seeking participants with specific diseases or conditions.
More information
The National Cancer Institute has more on colorectal cancer.
SOURCE: HealthDay TV, Oct. 6, 2026
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